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Friction

By Platform Administrator · Submitted Sep 30, 2026

Content Area
Science and Technology/Engineering
Grade
2

Small groups of students identify a problem where they need to control speed, for example, a walkway on a steep hill, a wheelchair ramp, moving a basket of lunches to the lunchroom or games and balls from inside to outside for recess, delivering snacks to trick or treaters or patient dogs. Students experiment with how various materials increase or decrease an object's moving speed over a surface. Based on analyzing various materials they will design a solution to the problem they have identified and design a model or prototype. Students share their solutions with their peer group or a broader audience for feedback. Their audience will depend on their goals. For example, they may wish to approach the school principal about a solution to moving things through the hallways or from inside to outside for recess and gym.

MA Standards

2.ETS.1.3
Analyze data from tests of two objects designed to solve the same design problem to compare the strengths and weaknesses of how each object performs.* Clarification Statements: Data can include observations and be either qualitative or quantitative; Examples can include how different objects insulate cold water or how different types of grocery bags perform.
2.PS.1.2
Test different materials and analyze the data obtained to determine which materials have the properties that are best suited for an intended purpose.Clarification Statements: Examples of properties could include, color, flexibility, hardness, texture, and absorbency; Data should focus on qualitative and relative observations.
2.PS.3.1
Design and conduct an experiment to show the effects of friction on the relative temperature and speed of objects that rub against each other. Clarification Statements: Examples could include an object sliding on rough vs. smooth surfaces; Observations of temperature and speed should be qualitative.

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